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Kinematics

How motion is described before asking what causes it: scalars and vectors on a signed axis, displacement, velocity, and acceleration as averages and as instantaneous rates, the constant-acceleration equations and free fall, motion diagrams and position, velocity, and acceleration graphs, reference frames, and two-dimensional motion built from independent perpendicular components, with projectiles as the central case. Topics: Scalars and Vectors in One Dimension, Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration, Representing Motion, Reference Frames and Relative Motion, Vectors and Motion in Two Dimensions.

Force and Translational Dynamics

Why motion changes: choosing a system and locating its center of mass, identifying forces and drawing free-body diagrams, Newton's three laws, gravitational force and field, static and kinetic friction, ideal springs, and the dynamics of circular motion including orbits around a central mass. Topics: Systems and Center of Mass, Forces and Free-Body Diagrams, Newton's Third Law, Newton's First Law, Newton's Second Law, Gravitational Force, Kinetic and Static Friction, Spring Forces, Circular Motion.

Work, Energy, and Power

Energy as a scalar account of motion and configuration: translational kinetic energy, work by constant and varying forces, gravitational and elastic potential energy with a chosen reference, energy conservation for open and closed systems including dissipation, energy bar charts and energy-versus-position graphs, and power as a rate of transfer. Topics: Translational Kinetic Energy, Work, Potential Energy, Conservation of Energy, Power.

Linear Momentum

Momentum as a vector account of interactions: impulse and the impulse-momentum relation from force-time graphs and average forces, conservation of momentum for a chosen system, center-of-mass velocity, one- and two-dimensional collisions and separations, and classifying collisions by what happens to kinetic energy. Topics: Linear Momentum, Change in Momentum and Impulse, Conservation of Linear Momentum, Elastic and Inelastic Collisions.

Torque and Rotational Dynamics

Extended bodies that turn: angular position, velocity, and acceleration and their graphs, the link between angular and tangential quantities, torque and lever arms, rotational inertia and how it depends on mass distribution and axis, rotational equilibrium of beams and balances, and Newton's second law in rotational form including masses coupled to pulleys. Topics: Rotational Kinematics, Connecting Linear and Rotational Motion, Torque, Rotational Inertia, Rotational Equilibrium and Newton's First Law in Rotational Form, Newton's Second Law in Rotational Form.

Energy and Momentum of Rotating Systems

Energy and angular momentum for rotating systems: rotational kinetic energy and work done by torques, angular momentum of rigid bodies and of particles about a point, angular impulse and torque-time graphs, conservation of angular momentum when mass redistributes or bodies join, rolling with and without slipping, and the energy and angular momentum of satellites in circular and elliptical orbits. Topics: Rotational Kinetic Energy, Torque and Work, Angular Momentum and Angular Impulse, Conservation of Angular Momentum, Rolling, Motion of Orbiting Satellites.

Oscillations

Motion that repeats under a linear restoring force: identifying simple harmonic motion, period and frequency of mass-spring systems and simple pendulums and how they scale with physical parameters, sinusoidal position, velocity, and acceleration representations through a cycle, and the exchange between kinetic and potential energy including how amplitude sets the total energy. Topics: Defining Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM), Frequency and Period of SHM, Representing and Analyzing SHM, Energy of Simple Harmonic Oscillators.

Fluids

Fluids at rest and in steady flow: density and the particle picture of solids, liquids, and gases, pressure as normal force per area and its increase with depth, buoyancy derived from pressure differences and from displaced fluid with floating, apparent weight, and release acceleration, and conservation laws for ideal flow through the continuity equation and Bernoulli's relation. Topics: Internal Structure and Density, Pressure, Fluids and Newton's Laws, Fluids and Conservation Laws.